SEMIOTIC ASPECTS OF TRANSLATION STUDIESIN ENGLISH LANGUAGE

Abstract

Semiotic typology of signs (icon – index – symbol) has been concretized in the article. Indices are understood as signs that perform the function of designation or influence on an object. The iconic sign is based on the actual similarity of the signifier and the signified. The symbol implies the usage of its original content as a form of another, usually culturally more valuable content. Each sign has three types of connections without which it can not perform its function. The sign is connected with the object it denotes; in semiotics it is called the semantics of the sign. Existing in the system, the sign is associated with other signs of this system. The sign is associated with people who use it because it can only be a sign to someone. Some  difficulties  of  English  metaphors’  translation  have  been  analyzed. There are language and speech metaphors. Translation equivalents of the language metaphors are recorded in special dictionaries. Speech metaphor has no common translation equivalents and is semantically new word combination. There are three main ways of the metaphor translation: by a metaphorical word that has a similar figurative character; by a metaphorical word that has a different figurative character; by non-metaphorical word that conveys only the denotative meaning of the metaphor. Conventional and non-conventional symbols have been characterized in the article.  Dictionaries  and  encyclopedias  of  symbols  contain  conventional symbols. Being culturally specified and having contractual nature, gestures are the variety of conventional symbols. Non-conventional symbol arises as a result of the author’s creative act, being a symbolized figure of speech that combines conceptual and verbal aspects of the sign.