MIGRATION AND VISA POLICY IN UKRAINE–POLAND RELATIONS: ISSUES, CHALLENGES, AND LESSONS FOR UKRAINE (FROM THE LATE 1990S TO THE 2010S)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29038/2524-2679-2025-02-286-304Keywords:
migration policy, visa regime, Poland, Ukraine, cross-border cooperation, border traffic, visa-free regime, readmission, Schengen Area, interagency coordinationAbstract
This article analyzes the evolution of migration and visa policy in the con- text of Ukraine–Poland relations during the period from the late 1990s to the 2010. It examines the key stages in the development of Ukrainian migra- tion legislation, the influence of Poland’s European integration aspirations on its policy towards neighboring countries, and the role of Ukraine as a transit country for migrants from Asia and the CIS. The author highlights the specific features of cross-border mobility between the two countries and analyzes the Local Border Traffic Agreement and its impact on cross-border population movement. Special attention is given to Poland’s experience in managing migration flows, particularly its interagency coordination, logistical approaches, en- gagement with the non-governmental sector, and the development of institu- tional mechanisms tailored to real needs. Ukraine, by contrast, demonstrates a fragmented and insular approach to migration governance, which signifi- cantly limits the effectiveness of its interaction with the EU.
The article offers recommendations for adapting Poland’s experience to Ukrainian realities. It emphasizes that a rational, pragmatic, and transpa- rent approach based on interagency cooperation and engagement with civil society should become the foundation of a new Ukrainian migration policy. The importance of maintaining contact with the Ukrainian minority in Po- land and strengthening dialogue with local communities to enhance good- neighborly relations is also underlined.
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