ASYLUM CRISIS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM: THE FAILURE OF CONSERVATIVE POLICY

Abstract

UK is facing an urgent problem of illegal migration, which has recently gained new urgency. This has become especially noticeable against the background of a sharp increase in unauthorized sea crossings of the English Channel. The mi- gration crisis was influenced by both global and domestic factors, including the COVID-19 pandemic, which temporarily diverted attention from migration and asylum issues. However, as the immediate problems caused by the pandemic began to subside, migration returned to the forefront of the political and public agenda, sparking fierce debate amongst politicians, the media and society.

This study analyses the British government’s ‘Stop the Boats’ policy proposed by the Conservative Party. This strategy involved the resettlement of asylum seek- ers in Rwanda in order to address the problem of irregular migration. The main objectives of the policy were to strengthen border security, reduce administrative burdens and combat illegal smuggling networks.

Initially, the policy gained significant political and public support due to its per- ceived decisiveness and effectiveness. However, its implementation faced many challenges. High financial costs, administrative inefficiencies, legal uncertainty and ethical disputes have seriously undermined the success of the programme. Moreover, these shortcomings contributed to growing public discontent, de- creased trust in state institutions and increased political instability. This was ulti- mately one of the reasons for the resignation of Prime Minister Rishi Sunak.

In addition, the policy increased polarisation in British society, creating a tense social environment. Some political analysts and commentators have even likened this sentiment to a state of civil war, pointing to the deep divisions within British society and the numerous anti-immigrant protests.

This situation emphasizes the complexity of the migration challenges facing the UK today and the need to find more balanced and long-term solutions that can take into account both national interests and humanitarian obligations.